Multiscale effects of flow regime and habitat and their interaction on fish assemblage structure in eastern Australia

نویسندگان

  • Mark J. Kennard
  • Julian D. Olden
  • Angela H. Arthington
  • Bradley J. Pusey
  • LeRoy Poff
چکیده

We examine the multiscale influence of environmental and hydrological features of the riverine landscape on spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblages in eastern Australia. Multiresponse artificial neural network models provided accurate predictions of fish assemblages in the Mary River based on species presence–absence data (mean Bray–Curtis similarity between predicted and observed composition = 84%) but were less accurate when based on species relative abundance or biomass (mean similarity = 62% and 59%, respectively). Landscapeand local-scale habitat variables (e.g., catchment area and riparian canopy cover) and characteristics of the long-term flow regime (e.g., variability and predictability of flows) were more important predictors of fish assemblages than variables describing the short-term history of hydrological events. The relative importance of these variables was broadly similar for predicting species occurrence, relative abundance, or biomass. The transferability of the Mary River predictive models to the nearby Albert River was high for species presence–absence (i.e., closer match between predicted and observed data) compared with species abundances or biomass. This suggests that the same landscape-scale features are important determinants of distribution of individual species in both rivers but that interactions between landscape, hydrology, and local habitat features that collectively determine abundance and biomass may differ. Résumé : Nous examinons à des échelles multiples l’influence des caractéristiques environnementales et hydrologiques d’un paysage de rivière sur la variation spatiale et temporelle des peuplements de poissons en Australie orientale. Des modèles de réseau neural artificiel à réponses multiples génèrent des prédictions précises des peuplements de poissons dans la rivière Mary à partir des données de présence et d’absence des espèces (similarité moyenne de Bray–Curtis entre les compositions prédites et observées = 84 %), mais elles sont moins exactes lorsqu’elles se basent sur l’abondance relative ou la biomasse des espèces (similarités moyennes respectives de 62 % et de 59 %). Les variables à l’échelle du paysage ou à l’échelle locale (par ex., la surface du bassin versant et la couverture de la canopée de la rive) et les caractéristiques du régime d’écoulement à long terme (par ex., la variabilité et la prédictibilité des débits) sont de meilleures variables explicatives des peuplements de poissons que les variables qui décrivent le déroulement à court terme d’événements hydrologiques. L’importance relative de ces variables est grosso modo semblable pour la prédiction de la présence, de l’abondance relative et de la biomasse des espèces. Les modèles prédictifs mis au point sur la rivière Mary peuvent être utilisés sur la rivière Albert avoisinante avec plus de succès (c’est-à-dire avec un meilleur accord entre les valeurs prédites et observées) dans le cas de la présence–absence des espèces que dans celui des abondances et des biomasses des espèces. Ces observations indiquent que les mêmes facteurs à l’échelle du paysage sont importants dans la détermination de la répartition des espèces individuelles dans les deux rivières, mais que les interactions entre le paysage, l’hydrologie et les caractéristiques locales de l’habitat qui déterminent ensemble l’abondance et la biomasse peuvent être différentes. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Kennard et al. 1359

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تاریخ انتشار 2007